1028 :: Şifalı Bitkiler Kütüphanesi

Son Yazılar

Corynanthe Pachyceras

Bitki adı: Corynanthe Pachyceras

Bilimsel adı: Corynanthe pachyceras

Cins: Corynanthe

Familya: Rubiaceae

Genel Bilgiler

Bilimsel Araştırmalar

Polyphenol-polysaccharide interactions: molecular mechanisms and potential applications in food systems - a comprehensive review.

Polyphenols, a major class of plant secondary metabolites, are well known for their diverse bioactive properties. It has also been established that polyphenols interact with other macromolecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids in the food matrix. Among the primary metabolites of the plant, carbohydrates play a significant role. Polyphenols and polysaccharides form complexes upon interaction; this interaction could be through covalent or non-covalent bonds, such as electrostatic, hydrophobic, van der Waals forces, and hydrogen bonding. These polysaccharide-polyphenol complexes exhibit enhanced bioactivity and influence the digestibility of complex macronutrients (such as proteins and polysaccharides), as well as their biological efficacy, bioavailability, and stability. Despite their numerous benefits and potential applications, the underlying mechanisms of interaction and complex formation between polysaccharides and polyphenols, as well as the influence of their structural parameters, remain underexplored. This comprehensive review summarizes the basic molecular-level implications of polysaccharides and polyphenols, exploring their potential applications in the food industry, and provides a basic understanding of their occurrence in various food matrices, characteristics of both polyphenols and polysaccharides that influence their interaction mechanisms, and detection under laboratory conditions. The review aims to bridge the gap between the molecular-level understanding of the complex and the development of potential nutraceuticals and functional food ingredients based on polysaccharide-polyphenol complexation. Graphical abstract

Makaleyi görüntüle

Secondary metabolites from Rubiaceae species.

This study describes some characteristics of the Rubiaceae family pertaining to the occurrence and distribution of secondary metabolites in the main genera of this family. It reports the review of phytochemical studies addressing all species of Rubiaceae, published between 1990 and 2014. Iridoids, anthraquinones, triterpenes, indole alkaloids as well as other varying alkaloid subclasses, have shown to be the most common. These compounds have been mostly isolated from the genera Uncaria, Psychotria, Hedyotis, Ophiorrhiza and Morinda. The occurrence and distribution of iridoids, alkaloids and anthraquinones point out their chemotaxonomic correlation among tribes and subfamilies. From an evolutionary point of view, Rubioideae is the most ancient subfamily, followed by Ixoroideae and finally Cinchonoideae. The chemical biosynthetic pathway, which is not so specific in Rubioideae, can explain this and large amounts of both iridoids and indole alkaloids are produced. In Ixoroideae, the most active biosysthetic pathway is the one that produces iridoids; while in Cinchonoideae, it produces indole alkaloids together with other alkaloids. The chemical biosynthetic pathway now supports this botanical conclusion.

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Plant-derived compounds in treatment of leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniasis is a neglected public health problem caused by the protozoan species belonging to the genus Leishmania affecting mostly the poor populations of developing countries. The causative organism is transmitted by female sandflies. Cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral clinical manifestations are the most frequent forms of leishmaniasis. Chemotherapy still relies on the use of pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, paromomycin, miltefosin and liposomal amphotericin B. However, the application of these drugs is limited due to low efficacy, life-threatening side effects, high toxicity, induction of parasite resistance, length of treatment and high cost. Given the fact that antileishmanial vaccines may not become available in the near future, the search for better drugs should be continued. Natural products may offer an unlimited source of chemical diversity to identify new drug modules. New medicines should be less toxic or non-toxic, safe, more efficient, less expensive and readily available antileishmanial agents, especially for low-income populations. In the present review, special focus is on medicinal plants used against leishmanaiasis. The bioactive phytocompounds present in the plant derivatives including the crude extracts, essential oils, and other useful compounds can be a good source for discovering and producing new antileishmanial medicines.

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Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in Africa.

Prior to the introduction of cosmopolitan medicine, traditional medicine used to be the dominant medical system available to millions of people in Africa in both rural and urban communities. However, the arrival of the Europeans marked a significant turning point in the history of this age-long tradition and culture. This paper examines the trends and challenges of traditional medicine in Africa. The impact of colonialism on African traditional medicine is also examined. Although the paper is on Africa, references are drawn around the world to buttress the growing demand for traditional medicine. The paper concludes that to minimise the current distrust between modern and traditional doctors and to achieve the objective of regulation, standardisation and cooperation, both traditional and modern doctors must acknowledge their areas of strengths and weaknesses from which they operate and be genuinely concerned about the difficult but necessary task of being human.

Makaleyi görüntüle

Leishmanicidal, antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity of indole alkaloids from Corynanthe pachyceras.