Natural ingredients have been used for centuries for skin treatment and care. Interest in the health effects of plants has recently increased due to their safety and applicability in the formulation of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Long-known plant materials as well as newly discovered ones are increasingly being used in natural products of plant origin. This review highlights the beneficial effects of plants and plant constituents on the skin, including moisturizing (e.g., Cannabis sativa , Hydrangea serrata , Pradosia mutisii and Carthamus tinctorius ), anti-aging (e.g., Aegopodium podagraria , Euphorbia characias , Premna odorata and Warburgia salutaris ), antimicrobial (e.g., Betula pendula and Epilobium angustifolium ), antioxidant (e.g., Kadsura coccinea , Rosmarinus officinalis , Rubus idaeus and Spatholobus suberectus ), anti-inflammatory (e.g., Antidesma thwaitesianum , Helianthus annuus , Oenanthe javanica , Penthorum chinense , Ranunculus bulumei and Zanthoxylum bungeanum ), regenerative (e.g., Aloe vera , Angelica polymorpha , Digitaria ciliaris , Glycyrrihza glabra and Marantodes pumilum ), wound healing (e.g., Agrimonia eupatoria , Astragalus floccosus , Bursera morelensis , Jatropha neopauciflora and Sapindus mukorossi ), photoprotective (e.g., Astragalus gombiformis , Calea fruticose , Euphorbia characias and Posoqueria latifolia ) and anti-tyrosinase activity (e.g., Aerva lanata , Bruguiera gymnorhiza , Dodonaea viscosa , Lonicera japonica and Schisandra chinensis ), as well as their role as excipients in cosmetics (coloring (e.g., Beta vulgaris , Centaurea cyanus , Hibiscus sabdariffa and Rubia tinctiorum ), protective and aromatic agents (e.g., Hyssopus officinalis , Melaleuca alternifolia , Pelargonium graveolens and Verbena officinalis )).

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Background The most common and deadly cancer in female is breast cancer (BC) and new incidence and deaths related to this cancer are rising. Aims Several issues, that is, high cost, toxicity, allergic reactions, less efficacy, multidrug resistance, and the economic cost of conventional anti-cancer therapies, has prompted scientists to discover innovative approaches and new chemo-preventive agents. Materials Numerous studies are being conducted on plant-based and dietary phytochemicals to discover new-fangled and more advanced therapeutic approaches for BC management. Result We have identified that natural compounds modulated many molecular mechanisms and cellular phenomena, including apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis, up-regulation of tumor-suppressive genes, and down-regulation of oncogenes, modulation of hypoxia, mammosphere formation, onco-inflammation, enzymatic regulation, and epigenetic modifications in BC. We found that a number of signaling networks and their components such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MMP-2 and 9, Wnt/-catenin, PARP, MAPK, NF-κB, Caspase-3/8/9, Bax, Bcl2, Smad4, Notch1, STAT3, Nrf2, and ROS signaling can be regulated in cancer cells by phytochemicals. They induce up-regulation of tumor inhibitor microRNAs, which have been highlighted as a key player for ani-BC treatments followed by phytochemical supplementation. Conclusion Therefore, this collection offers a sound foundation for further investigation into phytochemicals as a potential route for the development of anti-cancer drugs in treating patients with BC.

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Candidiasis is an opportunistic mycosis with high annual incidence worldwide. In these infections, Candida albicans is the chief pathogen owing to its multiple virulence factors. C. albicans infections are usually treated with azoles, polyenes and echinocandins. However, these antifungals may have limitations regarding toxicity, relapse of infections, high cost, and emergence of antifungal resistance. Thus, the development of nanocarrier systems, such as metal nanoparticles, has been widely investigated. Metal nanoparticles are particulate dispersions or solid particles 10-100 nm in size, with unique physical and chemical properties that make them useful in biomedical applications. In this review, we focus on the activity of silver, gold, and iron nanoparticles against C. albicans . We discuss the use of metal nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for antifungal drugs or natural compounds to increase their biocompatibility and effectiveness. Promisingly, most of these nanoparticles exhibit potential antifungal activity through multi-target mechanisms in C. albicans cells and biofilms, which can minimize the emergence of antifungal resistance. The cytotoxicity of metal nanoparticles is a concern, and adjustments in synthesis approaches or coating techniques have been addressed to overcome these limitations, with great emphasis on green synthesis.

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Severe durable changes may occur to the DNA structure caused by exogenous and endogenous risk factors initiating the process of carcinogenesis. By evidence, a large portion of malignancies have been demonstrated as being preventable. Moreover, the targeted prevention of cancer onset is possible, due to unique properties of plant bioactive compounds. Although genoprotective effects of phytochemicals have been well documented, there is an evident lack of articles which would systematically present the spectrum of anticancer effects by phytochemicals, plant extracts, and plant-derived diet applicable to stratified patient groups at the level of targeted primary (cancer development) and secondary (cancer progression and metastatic disease) prevention. Consequently, clinical implementation of knowledge accumulated in the area is still highly restricted. To stimulate coherent co-development of the dedicated plant bioactive compound investigation on one hand and comprehensive cancer preventive strategies on the other hand, the current paper highlights and deeply analyses relevant evidence available in the area. Key molecular mechanisms are presented to detail genoprotective and anticancer activities of plants and phytochemicals. Clinical implementation is discussed. Based on the presented evidence, advanced chemopreventive strategies in the context of 3P medicine are considered.

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Cancer is a serious concern at present. A large number of patients die each year due to cancer illnesses in spite of several interventions available. Development of an effective and side effects lacking anticancer therapy is the trending research direction in healthcare pharmacy. Chemical entities present in plants proved to be very potential in this regard. Bioactive phytochemicals are preferential as they pretend differentially on cancer cells only, without altering normal cells. Carcinogenesis is a complex process and includes multiple signaling events. Phytochemicals are pleiotropic in their function and target these events in multiple manners; hence they are most suitable candidate for anticancer drug development. Efforts are in progress to develop lead candidates from phytochemicals those can block or retard the growth of cancer without any side effect. Several phytochemicals manifest anticancer function in vitro and in vivo . This article deals with these lead phytomolecules with their action mechanisms on nuclear and cellular factors involved in carcinogenesis. Additionally, druggability parameters and clinical development of anticancer phytomolecules have also been discussed.

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