Microtoenawawushanensis , a new species from Sichuan, China, is described and illustrated here. The new species is closely related to M.moupinensis and M.prainiana , but differs distinctly from both in leaf, calyx and bract morphology. It is further distinguished by its highly variable and unstable calyx tooth ratio (1.36-2.13), red-marked lateral lobes on the lower corolla and filaments that are barbate at both the upper and basal parts, with nearly imperceptible hairs in the middle section. Phylogenetic analyses, based on 81 coding regions of the chloroplast genome, suggest that M.wawushanensis belongs to sect. Delavayana and is sister to a clade formed by M.urticifolia , M.prainiana and M.megacalyx .

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Hemanthamine [466-75-1] C17H19NO4 (301.35). mp 203~203.5ºC, [a]D 25 = +19.7º (c = 3.8, methanol), [a]D 25 = +33 (c = 1.25, CHCl3). Pharm: Antihypertensive (mild); antiretroviral and cytotoxic (ID50 = 0.8µg/mL, TC50 = 1.0µg/mL, TI50 (TC50/ID50) = 1.3)[5026].

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This index lists all 3367 normalized pharmacological activity terms appeared in the encyclopedia in alphabetical order and a number code sequence of the related compounds follows the bold term immediately.

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Three new cyclic octapeptides, microtoenins A-C (1-3), and a new glycoside, 3'''-O-methylcrenatoside (4), along with several known compounds, were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the stems of Microtoena prainiana. Their structures were determined by spectral and chemical evidence. At a concentration of 0.01 mg/mL, 3'''-O-methylcrenatoside (4), crenatoside (5), and isocrenatoside (6) inhibited angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity by more than 30%.

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