Son Yazılar
- Ginseng'in Cinsiyet ve Yaşa Göre Etkileri
- Kalp Sağlığı icin Düzenli Olarak Tüketilmesi Önerilen Sebze ve Meyveler
- Bebeksi Bir Yüz İçin Doğal Çözümler
- Tok Tutan Besinler
- Enerjik ve Zinde Hissettiren Besinler
- Meme Kanserinden Koruyan 7 Besin
- Yaz Aylarinin Sifali Bitkileri
- Yaban Mersininin Faydaları
- Kirazın Faydaları
- Patates suyunun faydaları
- Soğan Suyunun Faydaları
- Kudret Nari - Faydalari ve Kullanimi
- Cevizin Faydalari
Soğan
Bitki adı:
Onion, bulb / Onion, seed
Bilimsel adı:
Allium cepa
Cins:
Allium
Familya:
Amaryllidaceae
Diğer adları:
Onion
SOĞAN -Â lium (Liliaceae) türlerine verilen genel ad. Çok yıllık, soğanlı, özel kokulu ve otsu bitkiler. Bazı yabanî türlerin soğan veya yaprakları soğan veya sarımsak yerine kullanılmaktadır. Bk. Sarımsak, Sirmo. Eş anl. Çayır soğanı, Gömülgen, Gömürsen, Gurante (Van). Incalız. Kır soğanı (Kars), Korman. Kormen, Kömren, Kömüren. Kömürsen, Könmen, Köpek soğanı, Körmen. Â lium akaica Gmelin- İt soğanı, Keçitaşağı. Kuzukulağı (Van), Sarımsak soğanı. Erzurum ve Van bölgelerinde soğanı kullanılır. A. atrovioJaceum Boiss.-Bk. Sirmo. Â. cepa L.- Soğan. A. flavum L.-Sarı soğan. Çiçekleri san renklidir. A. neapolitanum Cyr.-Osuruk otu (Armutlu-Bursa). A. pseudoampeJoprasujn Miscz.ex Grossh.-Pıraz, Büyük pıraz. A. roseum L-Geyik körmeni. A, rotundum L.-Kömüren. Körmen. A. schoenoprasum L.- Van bölgesinde kullanılır. A. smten/sn Freyn-Corin. Suryas. Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde kullanılır. A. subhirsutum L.~Körmen. Marmaris (Muğla) bölgesinde kullanılır. A. trifoJiatum Cyr.-Keçi kömüreni. Keçi körmeni. Batı Anadolu bölgesinde kullanılır. A. vineaJe L-Bk. Sirmo. Aşağıdaki türler, süs bitkisi olarak, bir öneme sahiptirler (29). A lium akaka S. G. Gmelin A. amet/ıystinum Tausch A. baytopiorum Kollmann et N. özhatay A. colchJcifoJium Boi s. A flavum L. A. /charpulense Freyn- Harput soğanı. A. neapo/ilanum Cyr. A. nigrum L.- Kara soğan. A. orientale Boi s.[Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü, Turhan Baytop, 2007]
SOĞANCIK — > Kardelen.[Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü, Turhan Baytop, 2007]
Genel Bilgiler
Duke – Ethnobotany
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Bliss
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Brutus
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb31: 354
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | FontQuer
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Liogier
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Woi.Syria
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb31: 312
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Liogier
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Bliss
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Woi.Syria
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Bliss
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Liogier
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb30: 110
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Wong
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb25: 246
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb30: 110
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Wong
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Wong
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb30: 110
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Takeda
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Bliss
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Woi.Syria
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb25: 246
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb31: 354
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb30: 110
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Woi.Syria
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Wong
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb31: 312
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Bliss
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Burkill,1966
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Liogier
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Burkill,1966
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Lewis
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Bliss
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb29: 285
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb31: 312
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Duke,1972
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb25: 246
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Al-Rawi
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Burkill,1966
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Steinmetz
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb25: 246
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb30: 110
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Wong
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Eb25: 246
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Tackholm
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Martinez
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Pittier
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Hartwell
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilgi: Duke USEAGE: F | Uphof
Kaynak: James A. Duke
Bilimsel Araştırmalar
Chloroplasts play a crucial role in sustaining life on earth. The availability of over 800 sequenced chloroplast genomes from a variety of land plants has enhanced our understanding of chloroplast biology, intracellular gene transfer, conservation, diversity, and the genetic basis by which chloroplast transgenes can be engineered to enhance plant agronomic traits or to produce high-value agricultural or biomedical products. In this review, we discuss the impact of chloroplast genome sequences on understanding the origins of economically important cultivated species and changes that have taken place during domestication. We also discuss the potential biotechnological applications of chloroplast genomes.
Makaleyi görüntüle
Makaleyi görüntüle
Medicinal plants have historically proven their value as a source of molecules with therapeutic potential, and nowadays still represent an important pool for the identification of novel drug leads. In the past decades, pharmaceutical industry focused mainly on libraries of synthetic compounds as drug discovery source. They are comparably easy to produce and resupply, and demonstrate good compatibility with established high throughput screening (HTS) platforms. However, at the same time there has been a declining trend in the number of new drugs reaching the market, raising renewed scientific interest in drug discovery from natural sources, despite of its known challenges. In this survey, a brief outline of historical development is provided together with a comprehensive overview of used approaches and recent developments relevant to plant-derived natural product drug discovery. Associated challenges and major strengths of natural product-based drug discovery are critically discussed. A snapshot of the advanced plant-derived natural products that are currently in actively recruiting clinical trials is also presented. Importantly, the transition of a natural compound from a "screening hit" through a "drug lead" to a "marketed drug" is associated with increasingly challenging demands for compound amount, which often cannot be met by re-isolation from the respective plant sources. In this regard, existing alternatives for resupply are also discussed, including different biotechnology approaches and total organic synthesis. While the intrinsic complexity of natural product-based drug discovery necessitates highly integrated interdisciplinary approaches, the reviewed scientific developments, recent technological advances, and research trends clearly indicate that natural products will be among the most important sources of new drugs also in the future.
Makaleyi görüntüle
Makaleyi görüntüle
Human intervention trials have provided evidence for protective effects of various (poly)phenol-rich foods against chronic disease, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer. While there are considerable data suggesting benefits of (poly)phenol intake, conclusions regarding their preventive potential remain unresolved due to several limitations in existing studies. Bioactivity investigations using cell lines have made an extensive use of both (poly)phenolic aglycones and sugar conjugates, these being the typical forms that exist in planta, at concentrations in the low-μM-to-mM range. However, after ingestion, dietary (poly)phenolics appear in the circulatory system not as the parent compounds, but as phase II metabolites, and their presence in plasma after dietary intake rarely exceeds nM concentrations. Substantial quantities of both the parent compounds and their metabolites pass to the colon where they are degraded by the action of the local microbiota, giving rise principally to small phenolic acid and aromatic catabolites that are absorbed into the circulatory system. This comprehensive review describes the different groups of compounds that have been reported to be involved in human nutrition, their fate in the body as they pass through the gastrointestinal tract and are absorbed into the circulatory system, the evidence of their impact on human chronic diseases, and the possible mechanisms of action through which (poly)phenol metabolites and catabolites may exert these protective actions. It is concluded that better performed in vivo intervention and in vitro mechanistic studies are needed to fully understand how these molecules interact with human physiological and pathological processes.
Makaleyi görüntüle
Makaleyi görüntüle
In recent years, there has been a great deal of attention toward the field of free radical chemistry. Free radicals reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are generated by our body by various endogenous systems, exposure to different physiochemical conditions or pathological states. A balance between free radicals and antioxidants is necessary for proper physiological function. If free radicals overwhelm the body's ability to regulate them, a condition known as oxidative stress ensues. Free radicals thus adversely alter lipids, proteins, and DNA and trigger a number of human diseases. Hence application of external source of antioxidants can assist in coping this oxidative stress. Synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole have recently been reported to be dangerous for human health. Thus, the search for effective, nontoxic natural compounds with antioxidative activity has been intensified in recent years. The present review provides a brief overview on oxidative stress mediated cellular damages and role of dietary antioxidants as functional foods in the management of human diseases.
Makaleyi görüntüle
Makaleyi görüntüle
The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethnopharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists, and natural-products chemists are combing the Earth for phytochemicals and "leads" which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants, none are used as antimicrobials. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions; Western medicine is trying to duplicate their successes. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties. This review attempts to summarize the current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity. The structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals are also addressed. Since many of these compounds are currently available as unregulated botanical preparations and their use by the public is increasing rapidly, clinicians need to consider the consequences of patients self-medicating with these preparations.
Makaleyi görüntüle
Makaleyi görüntüle
