Over the last decade, several studies demonstrated that prenylation of flavonoids enhances various biological activities as compared to the respective nonprenylated compounds. In line with this, the natural prenylated isoflavonoid alpinumisoflavone (AIF) has been explored for a number of biological and pharmacological effects (therapeutic potential). In this review, we summarize the current information on health-promoting properties of AIF. Reported data evidenced that AIF has a multitherapeutic potential with antiosteoporotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, estrogenic and antiestrogenic, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective properties. However, research on these aspects of AIF is not sufficient and needs to be reevaluated using more appropriate methods and methodology. Further series of studies are needed to confirm these pharmacological effects, and this review should lay the basis for the design of respective investigations. Overall, despite the drawbacks of studies recorded, AIF exhibits a potential as drug candidate.

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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. The present study is aimed to investigate the role of alpinumisoflavone (AIF), a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, in ccRCC and the underlying mechanism. In this study, miR-101 has been identified as a novel therapeutic target, which exerts anti-tumor effect on ccRCC by directly targeting RLIP76. Moreover, our results showed that AIF was able to increase the expression of miR-101 by suppressing Akt signalling. Our findings in this study provided experimental evidence that AIF has the potential to be used as an agent in the treatment of ccRCC.

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Alpinumisoflavone (AIF) is a naturally occurring flavonoid that is a major bioactive component of the medicinal plant Derris eriocarpa . In this study we evaluated the antimetastatic effect of AIF and investigated the underlying mechanism of action using in vitro and in vivo models of melanoma. We found that AIF impaired the metastatic potential of A375 and SK-MEL-1 human melanoma cells by promoting cell differentiation as assessed by melanin content, protoporphyrin IX accumulation, and tissue transglutaminase activity. In addition, AIF inhibited cell adhesion, migration, and invasion in melanoma cells. We found that AIF treatment decreased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, and COX-2 overexpression attenuated the inhibitory effects of AIF on the metastatic behaviors of melanoma cells. AIF dose-dependently increased microRNA-124 (miR-124) levels and decreased levels of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), a target of miR-124. In a mouse model of melanoma, AIF suppressed lung metastasis. Taken together, our findings suggest that AIF inhibits metastasis in melanoma by modulating COX-2 expression, at least in part, through targeting the miR-124/SphK1 axis. Our study provides evidence that AIF may be useful as an antimetastatic agent in the treatment of melanoma.

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Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent type of esophageal cancer and accumulating evidence has confirmed the role of miRNAs in ESCC. One such miRNA, miR-370, was found to be aberrantly downregulated in various human malignancies. This study showed that the expression of miR-370 was significantly lower in ESCC tissues and cell lines, and miR-370 functioned as a tumor suppressor in ESCC. Moreover, this is the first report that showed miR-370 suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth by directly targeting Pim family kinases 1 (PIM1). Furthermore, alpinumisoflavone, a naturally occurring flavonoid, could inhibit tumor growth of ESCC by targeting miR-370/PIM1 signaling.

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One new resveratrol analogue, 1-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-methoxy-2-(4″-methoxyphenyl)-ethane-1-ol (1), and two new prenylisoflavones, 4'-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-isoflavone (2), and derrubon 5-methyl ether (3), together with 17 known compounds including one new natural product, 5,7-dihydroxy-3-[4'-O-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-phenyl]-isoflavone (4), were isolated from the stems of ethnomedicinal plant Derris eriocarpa How. (Leguminosae). Their structures were elucidated based on chemical evidence and spectroscopic techniques including two-dimensional NMR methods. All compounds are reported from this species for the first time. Antimicrobial activities of the new compounds were evaluated. Compound 2 exhibited good inhibitory activities against Candida guilliermondii, C. albicans and Microsporium gypseum with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 12.5 μg/ml.

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