Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica , Leuconeurospora bharatiensis from accumulated snow sediment sample. Argentina , Pseudocercospora quetri on leaf spots of Luma apiculata . Australia , Polychaetomyces verrucosus on submerged decaying wood in sea water, Ustilaginoidea cookiorum on Scleria levis , Xylaria guardiae as endophyte from healthy leaves of Macaranga tanarius . Belgium , Iodophanus taxi on leaf of Taxus baccata . Belize , Hygrocybe mirabilis on soil. Brazil , Gongronella irregularis from soil, Linodochium splendidum on decaying sheath of Euterpe oleracea, Nothophysalospora agapanthi (incl. Nothophysalospora gen. nov. ) on flower stalks of Agapanthus praecox , Phaeosphaeria tabebuiae on leaf of Tabebuia sp., Verrucohypha endophytica (incl. Verrucohypha gen. nov. ) from healthy roots of Acrocomia aculeata. Estonia , Inosperma apricum on soil under Quercus robur . Greece , Monosporascus solitarius isolated from surface-sterilised, asymptomatic roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum . India , Diaporthe neocapsici on young seedling stems of Capsicum annuum , Fuscoporia naditirana on dead wood, Sebacina spongicarpa on soil, Torula kanvae from the gut of a Copris signatus beetle. Iran , Sarcinomyces pruni from twig and petiole tissues of Prunus persica and Prunus armeniaca , Xenodidymella quercicola from leaf spots of Quercus brantii . Italy , Agaricus aereiceps on grass, Agaricus bellui in meadows, Agaricus fabrianensis in urban grasslands, Beaucarneamyces muscorum on moss growing in forest, Xenoanthostomella quercus on leaf litter of Quercus ilex . Netherlands , Alfaria neerlandica on stem lesions of Cortaderia selloana , Neodictyosporium juncicola on culms of Juncus maritimus , Penicillium geertdesnooi from soil under Papaver rhoeas , Russula abscondita on rich calcareous soil with Quercus , Russula multiseptata on rich clay soil with Quercus , Russula purpureopallescens on soil with Populus , Sarocladium caricicola on leaves of Carex riparia . Pakistan , Circinaria shimlaensis on limestone rocks. Panama , Acrocalymma philodendri on leaf spots of Philodendron sp., Caligospora panamaensis on leaf litter, Chlamydocillium simulans associated with a Xylaria sp., Corynesporina panamaensis on leaf litter, Cylindromonium panamaense on twig litter of angiosperm, Cyphellophora panamaensis on twig litter of angiosperm, Microcera panamensis on leaf litter of fern, Pseudotricholoma pusillum in tropical montane forest dominated by Quercus spp., Striaticonidium panamaense on leaf litter, Yunnanomyces panamaensis on leaf litter. Poland , Albocremella abscondita (incl. Albocremella gen. nov. ) from rhizoids of liverwort Conocephalum salebrosum . Portugal , Agaricus occidualis in meadows. South Africa , Alternaria elsarustiae on culms of unidentified Poaceae , Capronia capensis on dead twig of unidentified angiosperm, Codinaeella bulbinicola on dead leaves of Bulbine frutescens , Cytospora carpobroticola on leaf of Carpobrotus quadrifidus , Neophaeomoniella watsoniae on leaf of Watsonia sp., Neoplatysporoides aloigena on leaf of Aloe khamiesensis , Nothodactylaria comitabilis on living leaf of Itea rhamnoides , Nothopenidiella beaucarneae (incl. Nothopenidiella gen. nov .) on dead leaves of Beaucarnea stricta , Orbilia kirstenboschensis on dead flower stalks of Agapanthus praecox , Phragmocephala agapanthi on dead flower stalks of Agapanthus praecox , Podocarpigena hagahagaensis (incl. Podocarpigena gen. nov. ) on leaf spots of Podocarpus falcatus , Sporisorium enterogonipteri from the gut of Gonipterus sp., Synnemapestaloides searsiae on leaf of Searsia populifolia , Xenophragmocapnias diospyri (incl. Xenophragmocapnias gen. nov. ) on leaf spots of Diospyros sp., Yunnanomyces hagahagaensis on leaf spots of Sideroxylon inerme . Spain , Agaricus basicinctus in meadows, Agaricus quercetorum among leaf litter in oak forests, Coprinopsis palaciosii on degraded woody debris, Inocybe complutensis in calcareous loamy soil, Inocybe tanitiae in calcareous sandy soil, Mycena subfragosa on dead leaves of Salix atrocinerea , Pseudobaeospora cortegadensis in laurel forests, Trichoderma sedimenticola from fluvial sediments. Sweden , Inocybe badjelanndana on calcareous soil. Ukraine , Beaucarneamyces lupini on overwintered stems of Lupinus polyphyllus , Protocreopsis globulosa on thallus and apothecia of Lecania cyrtella on bark of Populus sp., Thyridium tiliae on dead twigs of Tilia sp. USA , Cladosporium louisianense , Cyphellophora americana from a bedroom vent, Extremus massachusettsianus from lyse buffer, Myxotrichum tapetae on carpet in basement, Neospissiomyces floridanus (incl. Neospissiomyces gen. nov. ) on swab from hospital, Polychaetomyces marinus (incl. Polychaetomyces gen. nov. ) on submerged driftwood in sea water, Steccherinum fragrans on hardwood fallen on the beach, Steinbeckomyces carnegieae (incl. Steinbeckomyces gen. nov. ) on Carnegiea gigantea , Tolypocladium pennsylvanicum from air sampled in basement. Vietnam , Acidomyces ducanhii from Aglaia flowers, Acidomyces paludis from dead bark of Acacia sp., Phakopsora sageretiae on Sageretia theezans , Puccinia stixis on Stixis scandens . Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes. Citation: Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Jurjević Ž, et al. (2024). Fungal Planet description sheets: 1697-1780. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 14 : 325-577. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.14.19.

Makaleyi görüntüle

The current study on the traditional use of medicinal plants was carried out from February 2018 to March 2020, in Gokand Valley, District Buner, Pakistan. The goal was to collect, interpret, and evaluate data on the application of medicinal plants. Along with comprehensive notes on individual plants species, we calculated Use Value (UV), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Use Report (UR), Fidelity Level (FL), Informant Consensus Factor (FCI), as well as Family Importance Value (FIV). During the current study, a total of 109 species belonging to 64 families were reported to be used in the treatment of various ailments. It included three families (four species) of Pteridophytes, 58 families (99 species) of angiosperm, one family (three species) of Gymnosperms, and two families (three species) of fungi. The article highlights the significance of domestic consumption of plant resources to treat human ailments. The UV varied from 0.2 ( Acorus calamus L.) to 0.89 ( Acacia modesta Wall.). The RFC ranged from 0.059 ( Acorus calamus L. and Convolvulus arvensis L.) to 0.285 ( Acacia modesta Wall.). The species with 100% FL were Acacia modesta Wall. and the fungus Morchella esculenta Fr., while the FCI was documented from 0 to 0.45 for gastro-intestinal disorders. The conservation ranks of the medicinal plant species revealed that 28 plant species were vulnerable, followed by rare (25 spp.), infrequent (17 spp.), dominant (16 spp.), and 10 species endangered. The traditional use of plants needs conservation strategies and further investigation for better utilization of natural resources.

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The integration of LC-MS/MS molecular networking and in silico MS/MS fragmentation is an emerging method for dereplication of natural products. In the present study, a targeted isolation of natural products using a new in silico-based annotation tool named Network Annotation Propagation (NAP) is described. NAP improves accuracy of in silico fragmentation analyses by reranking candidate structures based on the network topology from MS/MS-based molecular networking. Annotation for the MS/MS spectral network of the Sageratia theezans twig extract was performed using NAP, and most molecular families within the network, including the known triterpenoids 1-7, could be putatively annotated, without relying on any previous reports of molecules from this species. Based on the in silico dereplication results, molecules were prioritized for isolation. In total, six dicoumaroyl 8- O-4' neolignans (8-13) and three dicoumaroyl lignans (14-16) were isolated from the twigs of S. theezans and structurally characterized by spectroscopic analyses. Isolates were evaluated for their neuroprotective activity, and compounds 14-16 showed potent protective effects against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse HT22 cells at a concentration of 12.5 μM.

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A novel flavonol glycoside, 7-O-methylmearnsitrin (7,4'-O-dimethylmyricetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside), and myricetrin, kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, europetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside, and 7-O-methyl quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside were isolated from the leaves of Sageretia theezans, and their chemical structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses including two-dimensional NMR (HSQC, HMBC). Whereas myricetrin, europetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside, and 7-O-methylquercetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside showed stronger activities than ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol, 7-O-methylmearnsitrin showed very weak antioxidant activities by ESR and LDL oxidation inhibition tests.

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To identify substances with anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity in traditional medicines, 101 extracts of Korean medicinal plants were screened for their inhibitory effects on HIV type 1 protease (PR). The enzyme activity was determined by HPLC. Of the extracts tested, strong inhibitory effects were observed in the acetone extracts of the pericarp and leaves of Camellia japonica, the water extract of the leaves of Sageretia theezans and the methanol extract of the aerial part of Sophora flavescens. Camelliatannin H from the pericarp of C. japonica, showed a potent inhibitory activity on HIV-1 PR with IC(50) of 0.9 microM.

Makaleyi görüntüle

Ülke: Vietnam

Taxon: Sageretia theezans

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke