922 :: Şifalı Bitkiler Kütüphanesi

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Acorus Calamus

Bitki adı: Acorus Calamus

Bilimsel adı: Acorus calamus

Cins: Acorus

Familya: Acoraceae

Genel Bilgiler

Bilimsel Araştırmalar

Phytochemicals: Extraction, Isolation, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Extracts.

There are concerns about using synthetic phenolic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as food additives because of the reported negative effects on human health. Thus, a replacement of these synthetics by antioxidant extractions from various foods has been proposed. More than 8000 different phenolic compounds have been characterized; fruits and vegetables are the prime sources of natural antioxidants. In order to extract, measure, and identify bioactive compounds from a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, researchers use multiple techniques and methods. This review includes a brief description of a wide range of different assays. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties of phenolic natural products from fruits and vegetables are also discussed.

Makaleyi görüntüle

A review on plants extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications: A green expertise.

Metallic nanoparticles are being utilized in every phase of science along with engineering including medical fields and are still charming the scientists to explore new dimensions for their respective worth which is generally attributed to their corresponding small sizes. The up-and-coming researches have proven their antimicrobial significance. Among several noble metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles have attained a special focus. Conventionally silver nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical method using chemicals as reducing agents which later on become accountable for various biological risks due to their general toxicity; engendering the serious concern to develop environment friendly processes. Thus, to solve the objective; biological approaches are coming up to fill the void; for instance green syntheses using biological molecules derived from plant sources in the form of extracts exhibiting superiority over chemical and/or biological methods. These plant based biological molecules undergo highly controlled assembly for making them suitable for the metal nanoparticle syntheses. The present review explores the huge plant diversity to be utilized towards rapid and single step protocol preparatory method with green principles over the conventional ones and describes the antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles.

Makaleyi görüntüle

Taming THC: potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects.

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been the primary focus of cannabis research since 1964, when Raphael Mechoulam isolated and synthesized it. More recently, the synergistic contributions of cannabidiol to cannabis pharmacology and analgesia have been scientifically demonstrated. Other phytocannabinoids, including tetrahydrocannabivarin, cannabigerol and cannabichromene, exert additional effects of therapeutic interest. Innovative conventional plant breeding has yielded cannabis chemotypes expressing high titres of each component for future study. This review will explore another echelon of phytotherapeutic agents, the cannabis terpenoids: limonene, myrcene, α-pinene, linalool, β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, nerolidol and phytol. Terpenoids share a precursor with phytocannabinoids, and are all flavour and fragrance components common to human diets that have been designated Generally Recognized as Safe by the US Food and Drug Administration and other regulatory agencies. Terpenoids are quite potent, and affect animal and even human behaviour when inhaled from ambient air at serum levels in the single digits ng·mL(-1) . They display unique therapeutic effects that may contribute meaningfully to the entourage effects of cannabis-based medicinal extracts. Particular focus will be placed on phytocannabinoid-terpenoid interactions that could produce synergy with respect to treatment of pain, inflammation, depression, anxiety, addiction, epilepsy, cancer, fungal and bacterial infections (including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Scientific evidence is presented for non-cannabinoid plant components as putative antidotes to intoxicating effects of THC that could increase its therapeutic index. Methods for investigating entourage effects in future experiments will be proposed. Phytocannabinoid-terpenoid synergy, if proven, increases the likelihood that an extensive pipeline of new therapeutic products is possible from this venerable plant. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2011.163.issue-7.

Makaleyi görüntüle

Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review.

Oxidative stress is induced by a wide range of environmental factors including UV stress, pathogen invasion (hypersensitive reaction), herbicide action and oxygen shortage. Oxygen deprivation stress in plant cells is distinguished by three physiologically different states: transient hypoxia, anoxia and reoxygenation. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is characteristic for hypoxia and especially for reoxygenation. Of the ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and superoxide (O(2)(.-)) are both produced in a number of cellular reactions, including the iron-catalysed Fenton reaction, and by various enzymes such as lipoxygenases, peroxidases, NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase. The main cellular components susceptible to damage by free radicals are lipids (peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in membranes), proteins (denaturation), carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Consequences of hypoxia-induced oxidative stress depend on tissue and/or species (i.e. their tolerance to anoxia), on membrane properties, on endogenous antioxidant content and on the ability to induce the response in the antioxidant system. Effective utilization of energy resources (starch, sugars) and the switch to anaerobic metabolism and the preservation of the redox status of the cell are vital for survival. The formation of ROS is prevented by an antioxidant system: low molecular mass antioxidants (ascorbic acid, glutathione, tocopherols), enzymes regenerating the reduced forms of antioxidants, and ROS-interacting enzymes such as SOD, peroxidases and catalases. In plant tissues many phenolic compounds (in addition to tocopherols) are potential antioxidants: flavonoids, tannins and lignin precursors may work as ROS-scavenging compounds. Antioxidants act as a cooperative network, employing a series of redox reactions. Interactions between ascorbic acid and glutathione, and ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds are well known. Under oxygen deprivation stress some contradictory results on the antioxidant status have been obtained. Experiments on overexpression of antioxidant production do not always result in the enhancement of the antioxidative defence, and hence increased antioxidative capacity does not always correlate positively with the degree of protection. Here we present a consideration of factors which possibly affect the effectiveness of antioxidant protection under oxygen deprivation as well as under other environmental stresses. Such aspects as compartmentalization of ROS formation and antioxidant localization, synthesis and transport of antioxidants, the ability to induce the antioxidant defense and cooperation (and/or compensation) between different antioxidant systems are the determinants of the competence of the antioxidant system.

Makaleyi görüntüle

Plant products as antimicrobial agents.

The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethnopharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists, and natural-products chemists are combing the Earth for phytochemicals and "leads" which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants, none are used as antimicrobials. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions; Western medicine is trying to duplicate their successes. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties. This review attempts to summarize the current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity. The structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals are also addressed. Since many of these compounds are currently available as unregulated botanical preparations and their use by the public is increasing rapidly, clinicians need to consider the consequences of patients self-medicating with these preparations.

Makaleyi görüntüle

Duke Ethnobotany - Tamamlayıcı Kullanımlar

Abortifacient

Ülke: New Guinea

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Abortifacient

Ülke: Yugoslavia

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Head)

Ülke: US(Saulteau)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Stomach)

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Stomach)

Ülke: US(Amerindian)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Stomach)

Ülke: US(Menomini)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Stomach)

Ülke: US(Ojibwe)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Tooth)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Tooth)

Ülke: US(Amerindian)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb28: 313

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Tooth)

Ülke: US(Blackfoot)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 307

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Ache(Tooth)

Ülke: US(Saulteau)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Alexiteric

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Anorexia

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Leung

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Antidote(Euphorbiaceae)

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Antiseptic

Ülke: Iran

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Apertif

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Apertif

Ülke: Hungary

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Aphrodisiac

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Arthritis

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Arthritis

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Leung

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Asthma

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Asthma

Ülke: India(Santal)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 243

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Bite(Snake)

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Nas

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Breath

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Bronchitis

Ülke: India(Santal)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 243

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Bronchitis

Ülke: Nepal

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb33: 188

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Bronchitis

Ülke: Nepal

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Singh

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Bubo

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Burn

Ülke: US(Meskwaski)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Cancer

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Cancer

Ülke: Malaya

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carbuncle

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: Italian

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: US(Amerindian)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: US(Appalachia)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Carminative

Ülke: US(Blackfoot)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 307

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Catarrh

Ülke: US(Potawatomi)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Chest-Cold

Ülke: US(Saulteau)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

CNS stimulant

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Cold

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Cold

Ülke: US(Blackfoot)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 307

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Colic

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Colic

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Colic

Ülke: US(Blackfoot)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 307

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Cough

Ülke: US

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Cough

Ülke: US(Amerindian)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb28: 313

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Deafness

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dentifrice

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Diarrhea

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Diarrhea

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Diarrhea

Ülke: Java

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Burkill,1966

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Digestive

Ülke: Danish

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Diuretic

Ülke: Spanish

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dysentery

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dysentery

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dysentery

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dyspepsia

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dyspepsia

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dyspepsia

Ülke: India(Santal)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 243

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dyspepsia

Ülke: US(Amerindian)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dyspepsia

Ülke: US(Cree)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Dyspepsia

Ülke: US(Ojibwe)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Edema

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Emetic

Ülke: Arabic

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Emetic

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Emetic

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Emetic

Ülke: Nepal

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb33: 188

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Emetic

Ülke: Nepal

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Singh

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Emmenagogue

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Emmenagogue

Ülke: German

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Epilepsy

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Leung

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Epilepsy

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Epilepsy

Ülke: India(Santal)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 243

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Expectorant

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Expectorant

Ülke: US(Appalachia)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Eye

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Eye

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Fever

Ülke: English

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Fever

Ülke: US(Amerindian)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb28: 313

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Fever

Ülke: US(Blackfoot)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 307

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Fumitory

Ülke: US(Amerindian)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb28: 313

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Fumitory

Ülke: US(Saulteau)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Gangrene

Ülke: West Germany(Bavaria)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Gastritis

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Leung

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Halitosis

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Hallucinogen

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb32: 70

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Hearing

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Hemoptysis

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Hemorrhage

Ülke: US(Potawatomi)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Hemostat

Ülke: Dutch

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Insecticide

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Insecticide

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Laxative

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Liqueur

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Liqueur

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Medicine

Ülke: US(Appalachia)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb22: 332

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Menorrhagia

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Mouthwash

Ülke: US

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Nerves

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Nervine

Ülke: French

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Nervine

Ülke: Nepal

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb33: 188

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Nervine

Ülke: Nepal

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Singh

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Odontosis

Ülke: Java

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Burkill,1966

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Panacea

Ülke: US(Blackfoot)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 307

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Parturition

Ülke: Sumatra

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Burkill,1966

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Pediculicide

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Pediculifuge

Ülke: Sumatra

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Burkill,1966

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Perfume

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Phthisis

Ülke: India(Santal)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 243

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Repellant(Insect)

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Rheumatism

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Rheumatism

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Leung

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Rheumatism

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Nas

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Rheumatism

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sclerosis(Liver)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sclerosis(Spleen)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sclerosis(Stomach)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sclerosis(Uterus)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sedative

Ülke: Malaysia

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sight

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Bliss

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Skin

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Leung

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Snuff

Ülke: US(Potawatomi)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sore(Throat)

Ülke: US(Cree)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sore(Throat)

Ülke: US(Saulteau)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Spasm

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Spasm

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Spasm

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Spasm

Ülke: US(Saulteau)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 308

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Splenomegaly

Ülke: Java

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Burkill,1966

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stimulant

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stimulant

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stimulant

Ülke: Sanscrit

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stimulant

Ülke: US

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stomachic

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stomachic

Ülke: Swedish

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stroke

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Stroke

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Leung

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Sudorific

Ülke: India

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tonic

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Uphof

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tonic

Ülke: Egypt

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Tackholm

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tonic

Ülke: Elsewhere

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Woi.1

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tonic

Ülke: Turkey

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Steinmetz

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tonic

Ülke: US

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Krochmal

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tuberculosis

Ülke: India(Santal)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb24: 243

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tumor(Abdomen)

Ülke: India

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tumor(Glands)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tumor(Rectum)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tumor(Testicle)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Tumor(Vagina)

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hartwell

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Venereal

Ülke: Java

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Burkill,1966

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Vermifuge

Ülke: Brazil

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Eb23: 99

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Vermifuge

Ülke: China

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Hunan

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Vermifuge

Ülke: Java

Duke USEAGE: M

Taxon: Acorus calamus

Referans: Burkill,1966

Kaynak: James A. Duke

Kaynaklar ve Görseller

File:Acorus calamus 'Variegatus' kz04.jpg

File:Acorus calamus kz03.jpg

File:Acorus calamus kz02.jpg

File:Acorus calamus kz01.jpg

File:Acorus calamus 002.JPG

File:Acorus calamus 'Variegatus' kz05.jpg

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