Souss-Massa National Park (SMNP) is Morocco's first coastal national park, created to preserve the high diversity of its continental and marine environments. Reptiles play an essential role in balancing SMNP ecosystems, yet little work has been done to study this fauna. The present work aims at providing the first reptile inventory of SMNP since its establishment in 1991. During the period 2019 to 2020, several field surveys were carried out at 30 sites using time-constrained visual encounter surveys (TCVES), with a total sampling effort of 300 person-hours. An inventory of 23 reptile species (including four endemic species) was obtained by combining TCVES results with additional data recorded during random encounters or provided by SMNP researchers. Based on TCVES data, both sampling effort and inventory completeness were evaluated by constructing sample-based accumulation curves and calculating non-parametric estimators (Chao 1, Chao 2, Jackknife 1 and Jackknife 2). These species richness estimators suggest that the current inventory is likely to be complete. Despite its small surface area, SMNP contains nearly 20% of all known Moroccan reptile species and constitutes an important biodiversity hotspot for reptiles in the Mediterranean Region. In terms of reptile conservation concern, five species in SMNP are classified as "vulnerable", while two species are classified as "near threatened" on the IUCN Red List, underscoring the importance of protected areas for those species.

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We carried out a quantitative assessment of the consumption of herbaceous plants by Opatrumsabulosum (Linnaeus, 1761) - a highly significant agricultural pest species. We researched the feeding preferences of this pest species with respect to 33 uncultivated and 22 cultivated plant species. This species of darkling beetle feeds on many uncultivated plant species, including those with hairy leaves and bitter milky sap, such as Scabiosaucrainca (5.21 mg/specimen/24 hours), Euphorbiavirgata (3.45), Solanumnigrum (3.32), Centauriascabiosa (2.47), Lamiumalbum (2.41), Aristolochiaclematitis (1.76), Chenopodiumalbum (1.73), Arctiumlappa (1.51), Asperulaodorata (1.20). A high rate of leaf consumption is also characteristic for cultivated species, for example, Perillanankinensis (5.05 mg/specimen/24 hours), Lycopersiconesculentum (3.75), Tropaeolummajus (3.29), Nicotianatabacum (2.66), Rumexacetosa (1.96), Betavulgaris (1.27). Opatrumsabulosum is capable of feeding on plants which are poisonous to cattle. This species of darkling beetle consumes 95.5% of the cultivated and 48.5% of the uncultivated herbaceous plants researched.

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Hemanthamine [466-75-1] C17H19NO4 (301.35). mp 203~203.5ºC, [a]D 25 = +19.7º (c = 3.8, methanol), [a]D 25 = +33 (c = 1.25, CHCl3). Pharm: Antihypertensive (mild); antiretroviral and cytotoxic (ID50 = 0.8µg/mL, TC50 = 1.0µg/mL, TI50 (TC50/ID50) = 1.3)[5026].

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This index lists all 3367 normalized pharmacological activity terms appeared in the encyclopedia in alphabetical order and a number code sequence of the related compounds follows the bold term immediately.

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